Light in the near-infrared range (~650 -1000 nm) can penetrate superficial layers like skin and skull and enter the brain tissue. The light particles entering the brain tissue get scattered and absorbed due to their interaction with the oxygenated and de-oxygenated hemoglobin in the brain, and then get reflected back. Our special detectors can detect the reflected light and gather information about the oxygenation content as well blood flow based on the interaction between the light and brain tissue.